Das Asterisk Buch

Ruft ein zuvor definiertes Makro auf.

Macro(macroname[,Arg1[,Arg2[,...]]])

Führt ein im Context macro-macroname definiertes Makro aus, indem es zur s-Extension dieses Contextes springt und nach der Ausführung des Makros zurückkehrt.

Die angerufene Extension, Context und Priorität sind innerhalb des Makros in ${MACRO_EXTEN}, ${MACRO_CONTEXT} und ${MACRO_PRIORITY} verfügbar. Die Parameter Arg1, Arg2 ... werden im Makro-Context zu ${ARG1}, ${ARG2} usw.

Macro() liefert -1 zurück, falls irgendein Schritt des Makros -1 zurückliefert, sonst 0. Falls bei Beendigung des Ablaufs ${MACRO_OFFSET} gesetzt ist, versucht die Anwendung, bei Priorität n+1+MACRO_OFFSET fortzufahren, falls ein solcher Schritt existiert, sonst bei n+1.

Falls die Goto()-Anwendung aus dem Makro heraus aufgerufen wird, wird das Makro enden und die Kontrolle an das Ziel von Goto() gehen.

; ein Makro definieren, das vom übergebenen Wert herunterzählt:
[macro-countdown]
exten => s,1,Set(COUNT=${ARG1})
exten => s,n,While($[ ${COUNT} > 0])
exten => s,n,SayNumber(${COUNT})
exten => s,n,Set(COUNT=$[ ${COUNT} - 1 ])
exten => s,n,EndWhile()

[default]
exten => 123,1,Macro(countdown,3)   ; das Makro "countdown" mit ARG1=3 aufrufen
exten => 124,1,Macro(countdown,5)   ; das Makro "countdown" mit ARG1=5 aufrufen

Asterisk-Versionen: 

————————| 1.2 |————————| 1.4 |————————| 1.6 |————————

Interner Hilfetext zu dieser Applikation in Asterisk 1.4: 

  -= Info about application 'Macro' =-

[Synopsis]
Macro Implementation

[Description]
  Macro(macroname|arg1|arg2...): Executes a macro using the context
'macro-<macroname>', jumping to the 's' extension of that context and
executing each step, then returning when the steps end.
The calling extension, context, and priority are stored in ${MACRO_EXTEN},
${MACRO_CONTEXT} and ${MACRO_PRIORITY} respectively.  Arguments become
${ARG1}, ${ARG2}, etc in the macro context.
If you Goto out of the Macro context, the Macro will terminate and control
will be returned at the location of the Goto.
If ${MACRO_OFFSET} is set at termination, Macro will attempt to continue
at priority MACRO_OFFSET + N + 1 if such a step exists, and N + 1 otherwise.
Extensions: While a macro is being executed, it becomes the current context.
            This means that if a hangup occurs, for instance, that the macro
            will be searched for an 'h' extension, NOT the context from which
            the macro was called. So, make sure to define all appropriate
            extensions in your macro! (you can use 'catch' in AEL)
WARNING: Because of the way Macro is implemented (it executes the priorities
         contained within it via sub-engine), and a fixed per-thread
         memory stack allowance, macros are limited to 7 levels
         of nesting (macro calling macro calling macro, etc.); It
         may be possible that stack-intensive applications in deeply nested macros
         could cause asterisk to crash earlier than this limit.

Differenz des internen Hilfetexts von Asterisk 1.2 zu 1.4: 

--- in Asterisk 1.2
+++ in Asterisk 1.4
@@ -23,5 +23,5 @@
            contained within it via sub-engine), and a fixed per-thread
            memory stack allowance, macros are limited to 7 levels
            of nesting (macro calling macro calling macro, etc.); It
-           may be possible that stack-intensive applications in deeply nested
-           macros could cause asterisk to crash earlier than this limit.
+           may be possible that stack-intensive applications in deeply nested macros
+           could cause asterisk to crash earlier than this limit.

Differenz des internen Hilfetexts von Asterisk 1.4 zu 1.6: 

--- in Asterisk 1.4
+++ in Asterisk 1.6
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
   Macro Implementation

   [Description]
-    Macro(macroname|arg1|arg2...): Executes a macro using the context
+    Macro(macroname,arg1,arg2...): Executes a macro using the context
   'macro-<macroname>', jumping to the 's' extension of that context and
   executing each step, then returning when the steps end.
   The calling extension, context, and priority are stored in ${MACRO_EXTEN},
@@ -18,10 +18,12 @@
               This means that if a hangup occurs, for instance, that the macro
               will be searched for an 'h' extension, NOT the context from which
               the macro was called. So, make sure to define all appropriate
-              extensions in your macro! (you can use 'catch' in AEL)
+              extensions in your macro! (Note: AEL does not use macros)
   WARNING: Because of the way Macro is implemented (it executes the priorities
            contained within it via sub-engine), and a fixed per-thread
            memory stack allowance, macros are limited to 7 levels
            of nesting (macro calling macro calling macro, etc.); It
            may be possible that stack-intensive applications in deeply nested macros
-           could cause asterisk to crash earlier than this limit.
+           could cause asterisk to crash earlier than this limit. It is advised that
+           if you need to deeply nest macro calls, that you use the Gosub application
+           (now allows arguments like a Macro) with explict Return() calls instead.

Siehe auch. Abschnitt 65, „Goto()“, Abschnitt 63, „Gosub()“, „Makros (macros)“